Index: firmware/App/Controllers/ROPump.c
===================================================================
diff -u -r47a7b0fce13cf38919932a8662c378f4f6a8b9f3 -rf1de0420490d71f85393a1e281bbbbc87a232c64
--- firmware/App/Controllers/ROPump.c	(.../ROPump.c)	(revision 47a7b0fce13cf38919932a8662c378f4f6a8b9f3)
+++ firmware/App/Controllers/ROPump.c	(.../ROPump.c)	(revision f1de0420490d71f85393a1e281bbbbc87a232c64)
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 * @file    ROPump.c
 *
 * @author  (last)      “rkallala”
-* @date    (last)      15-Jan-2026
+* @date    (last)      20-Jan-2026
 *
 * @author  (original)  Michael Garthwaite
 * @date    (original)  08-Sep-2025
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@
 #define ROP_FLOW_TO_PWM(flow)                   ( ROP_FLOW_TO_PWM_SLOPE * log(flow) + ROP_FLOW_TO_PWM_INTERCEPT )                                        ///< PWM line equation for flow converted to percentage.
 
 #define FP_FLOW_RATE_BELOW_TARGET_TIMEOUT_MS        ( 10 * MS_PER_SECOND )                                              ///< Timeout for flow rate below 75% of target flow rate
-#define FP_FLOW_RATE_BELOW_TARGET_CLEAR_MS          ( 10 * MS_PER_SECOND )                                              ///< Clear timeout for flow rate below target flow rate 
+#define FP_FLOW_RATE_BELOW_TARGET_CLEAR_MS          ( 10 * MS_PER_SECOND )                                              ///< Clear timeout for flow rate below target flow rate
+#define PERMEATE_FLOW_LOW_OUT_OF_RANGE_EXEMPT_MS    ( 10 * MS_PER_SECOND )                                              ///< Permeate flow low alarm exempt for 10 seconds after starting from Off
 
 // ********** private data **********
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@
 static F32 roPumpDutyCyclePctSet;                                                                   ///< Currently set RO pump PWM duty cycle.
 static OVERRIDE_F32_T roPumpOpenLoopTargetDutyCycle;                                                ///< Target RO pump open loop PWM.
 static BOOL roPumpStartControl;                                                                     ///< boolean to determine when closed loop flow control starts
-static U32 roPumpClosedLoopStartTimeMS;                                                             ///< Timeout timer for RO pump to reach minimum target flow
+static U32 timeSinceP12Started;                                                                     ///< Time when RO pump is started from off state.
 
 // ********** private function prototypes **********
 
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@
 static RO_PUMP_STATE_T handleROPumpControlToTargetPressureState( void );
 static RO_PUMP_STATE_T handleROPumpOpenLoopState( void );
 
+static U32 getROPumpLowFlowExemptTimer( void );
 static F32 roPumpPresToPWM( F32 targetPressure );
 static F32 roPumpFlowToPWM( U32 targetFlow );
 static void stopROPump( void );
@@ -91,9 +93,7 @@
 /*********************************************************************//**
  * @brief
  * The initROPump function initializes the RO Pump module.
- * @details \b Inputs: roPumpState, roPumpControlMode, isROPumpOn, stopPumpRequest,
- * roControlTimerCounter, roPumpDutyCyclePctSet, roPumpOpenLoopTargetDutyCycle, roPumpDataPublicationTimerCounter,
- * roPumpDataPublishInterval, targetROPumpFlowRate, targetROPumpPressure
+ * @details \b Inputs: none
  * @details \b Outputs: RO Pump controller unit initialized
  * @return none
  *************************************************************************/
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
     roPumpOpenLoopTargetDutyCycle.ovData        = 0.0;
     roPumpOpenLoopTargetDutyCycle.ovInitData    = 0.0;
     roPumpOpenLoopTargetDutyCycle.override      = OVERRIDE_RESET;
-    roPumpClosedLoopStartTimeMS                 = 0;
+    timeSinceP12Started                         = 0;
 
     stopROPump();
 }
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@
 {
     RO_PUMP_STATE_T state   = RO_PUMP_OFF_STATE;
     isROPumpOn              = FALSE;
+    timeSinceP12Started     = 0;
 
     // If there is a target flow set, transition to the PI controller and control to flow
     if ( getTargetROPumpFlowRateMLPM() > 0 )
@@ -222,6 +223,11 @@
         state = RO_PUMP_OPEN_LOOP_STATE;
     }
 
+    if ( state != RO_PUMP_OFF_STATE )
+    {
+        timeSinceP12Started = getMSTimerCount();
+    }
+
     return state;
 }
 
@@ -409,7 +415,6 @@
             // Get the initial guess of the duty cycle
             roPumpDutyCyclePctSet = roPumpFlowToPWM( getTargetROPumpFlowRateMLPM() );
             roControlTimerCounter = 0;
-            roPumpClosedLoopStartTimeMS = getMSTimerCount();
             isROPumpOn = TRUE;
             result = TRUE;
         }
@@ -601,6 +606,39 @@
 
 /*********************************************************************//**
  * @brief
+ * The isROPumpLowflowAlarmExempt function gets the flag whether or not
+ * to exempt the low flow alarm.
+ * @details \b Inputs: none
+ * @details \b Outputs: none
+ * @return TRUE if low flow alarm is exempt, FALSE if not.
+ *************************************************************************/
+BOOL isROPumpLowflowAlarmExempt( void )
+{
+    BOOL result = FALSE;
+
+    if ( ( roPumpState == RO_PUMP_CONTROL_TO_TARGET_FLOW_STATE ) && ( FALSE == didTimeout( getROPumpLowFlowExemptTimer(), PERMEATE_FLOW_LOW_OUT_OF_RANGE_EXEMPT_MS ) ) )
+    {
+        result = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*********************************************************************//**
+ * @brief
+ * The getROPumpLowFlowExemptTimer function gets the timer when RO pump
+ * starts from Off state.
+ * @details \b Inputs: none
+ * @details \b Outputs: none
+ * @return the timer when RO pump started from Off state (in ms).
+ *************************************************************************/
+static U32 getROPumpLowFlowExemptTimer( void )
+{
+    return timeSinceP12Started;
+}
+
+/*********************************************************************//**
+ * @brief
  * The roPumpPresToPWM function calculates the duty cycle for the given target
  * pressure.
  * @details \b Inputs: none